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VIRGINIA/U.S.TIMELINE
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YEAR
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SHIRLEY TIMELINE
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Prehistoric-early 1600s
Native Americans resided throughout eastern Virginia
1607
First permanent English settlement established at Jamestown |
1613
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Land grant to Sir Thomas West, Baron De La Warr, named “West and Sherley Hundred” |
1614
Pocahontas married John Rolfe
First shipment of Virginia tobacco sold in London
1619
First Africans arrived in Virginia
First representative legislature established at Jamestown |
1615
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25 London Company men commanded by Captain Issac Madison employed in planting and curing tobacco at “West and Sherley Hundred” |
1622
Indian Uprising |
1622
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“West and Sherley Hundred” suffered no casualties in Indian Uprising and afterwards served as refuge for abandoned settlements in Charles City County |
1624
Virginia became royal colony |
1624
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Census listed 45 people living at “West and Sherley Hundred,” first mention of an African at Shirley |
1644
Second Indian Uprising |
1638
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Edward Hill I established 450-acre tobacco farm in Charles City County, establishing what is now the oldest family business in America |
1646
Treaty between Powhatans and colonists declared Native Americans subjects of Jamestown government |
1651
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Edward Hill I in residence at “Shirley Hundred,” elected Speaker of House of Burgesses |
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1650s
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Edward Hill I built Hill House |
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1660
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Edward Hill I patented 2476 acres in vicinity of “Shirley Hundred”
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1663
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Edward Hill I died, Shirley inherited by Edward Hill II |
1676
Bacon’s Rebellion
1693
The College of William and Mary established
1699
Capital moved from Jamestown to Williamsburg |
1676
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Hill family imprisoned by Bacon’s Rebels |
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1700
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Edward Hill II died, Shirley inherited by Edward Hill III |
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1723
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Edward Hill III’s daughter Elizabeth married John Carter, Secretary of Virginia and son of Robert “King” Carter |
1732
George Washington born |
1723-1738
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Great House and outbuildings built; Hill House and its outbuildings torn down |
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1726
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Edward Hill III died, Shirley inherited by John and Elizabeth Hill Carter |
1754-1763
French and Indian War |
1742
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John Carter died, Elizabeth received life interest in Shirley
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1775-1781
American Revolution
1779
State capital moved from Williamsburg to Richmond |
1771
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Elizabeth Hill Carter died, son Charles Carter inherited Shirley and began major renovations |
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1781
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Shirley served as supply depot for Lafayette’s troops on way to Yorktown |
1799
George Washington died |
1793
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Ann Hill Carter married “Light Horse Harry” Lee in parlor of Great House |
1807
Robert E. Lee born
1812-1815
War of 1812 |
1806
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Charles Carter died, Shirley managed by guardians Williams and Bernard Carter for minor heir, Hill Carter |
1831
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
1833
First railroad built in Virginia |
1816
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Hill Carter assumed management of Shirley; tobacco cultivation ended |
1845-1848
Mexican War |
1840
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Hill Carter elected to Virginia Senate |
1859
John Brown’s Raid
1861-1865
American Civil War
1861
Virginia seceded from Union |
1862
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General McClellan granted Federal Order of Safeguard protecting Shirley in recognition of care given Union soldiers by Carter family after Battle of Malvern Hill |
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1866
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Hill Carter turned over operation of Shirley to son Robert Randolph Carter |
1870
Robert E. Lee died
Virginia readmitted to Union |
1875
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Hill Carter died, Shirley inherited by Robert Randolph Carter
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1898
Spanish-American War |
1888
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Robert Randolph Carter died, Shirley inherited by wife Louise, daughters Alice Carter Bransford and Marion Carter |
1902
Third Virginia Constitution
1917-1918
World War I |
1917
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Charles Hill Carter assumed management of farming operations at Shirley |
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1926
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Alice Carter Branford died |
1930s
The Depression
1941-1945
World War II |
1928
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Charles Hill Carter moved to Shirley with family |
1950-1953
Korean Conflict
1964-1975
Vietnam War
1989
Virginia elected first African American governor in United States |
1952
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Marion Carter Oliver died, Shirley inherited by Charles Hill Carter, Jr. (her first cousin once removed), the last descendant of Hill Carter still working Shirley land
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2003
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Shirley Plantation LLC established with Charles Hill Carter III as manager |
